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What is really in
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Xylitol
* A flavoring agent
Functions:
Xylitol is a sugar alcohol used as a substitute for sugar in the flavoring of many toothpastes and gums. Xylitol is found naturally in various berries, corn husks, oats, and mushrooms, and is thought to be almost as sweet as sucrose, but with 2/3 the calories, according to Wikipedia. Xylitol is used in cosmetics and personal care products not only as a flavoring agent in oral care products – which also utilize its plaque-reducing properties – but also as a humectant in other formulations. It is thought to help the skin retain its natural moisture and boost levels of hyaluronic acid, a natural lubricant that assists in collagen production. Xylitol is also thought to improve the skin’s barrier function and increase ceramide (a natural hydrating compound) synthesis.
Xylitol is FDA approved.
Safety Measures/Side Effects:
Xanthan Gum
* A thickening agent
Functions:
According to Dermaxime.com, Xanthan Gum is used as a binder, emulsion stabilizer, emulsifying surfactant, as well as an aqueous viscosity increasing agent in cosmetics and personal care products because of its capability to hold water, enhance freeze-thaw stability, and improve shelf life and help with the stabilization of a product. A polysaccharide derived from glucose or sucrose (sugars), Xanthan Gum is able to increase the viscosity of liquids even when used at less than 1% concentration. It is also thought to have skin-conditioning properties.
Although it is not considered an emulsifier, Xanthan Gum prevents oil separation in formulas and helps to suspend particles. This ingredient thickens formulas and keeps them homogenous in their containers, but still allows formulas to become thin if shaken, allowing for an easier dispersion. After a formula is stable again, it becomes thick (Wikipedia).
